Hair waving apparatus



March 22, 1932. cAL DERQN -1,850,618

HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed Nov. 18, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l flmm o 515mm g INVENTOR:

Patented Mar. 22, 1932 ITED STATES MAnoIANo .cALnnRoN, on LoNnoN, ENGLAND,

HAIR ,WAVING APPARATUS Application filed November 18, 1930, Serial No. 496,505, and in Great Britain November 18, 1929.

This invention relates to improvements in hair waving apparatus, and has for its chlef object to'provide an etficientsand neat hair V carried ,bya plate 6 having'a central boss waving device.

The system of hair waving for which the present form of apparatus is intended is that in which steam isbrought into contact with the hair and, according to this invention, the device comprises itself-contained steam generator, in close contact with the head of the subject, which is provided with atube or the like to receive the curler on which a tress of hair is wound, means being provided/to conduct the steam from the generator to the tube'or the like. a v v In order that this invention may be the more clearly understood and readily carried into effect, I will proceedto describe the same with, reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate by way of example and not of limitation one convenient form of this invention, and in which Figure 1 is a view of a device according to this invention in use, and

Figure 2 is a view showing the device when not in use. a

Figure 3 is .a central vertical section through the device,.and 7 Figures 4: and 5 show the parts of the steam generator. 1 7

Referring to the drawings, the device which may have an overall length of,say, six

inches so as to be of the same length as the usual type of these devices, comprises a tube a surrounded by a further tube 1) which is ar- I ranged to leave an annular space c'around the tube a. The tube 6 tapers towards the free end of the tube a (hereinafter called the scalp end of the device as it is this end which, when the device is in use, lies close to the scalp) so that the annular space 0 is of gradually decreasing cross section towards the scalp end of the device. The scalp end of the tubebis provided with a collar 6 "These tubes may be caused to slide into similar'extension tubes to fit at the scalp.

V The upper ends of thejtube a and b are kept in position by means of an annular plug or ring which plugfits friction-tight into the tube 6 and into which the upper end of e to take into the internal bore of the tube PATENT OFFICE a and also having an upstanding annular projection e? over which takes a tube f to form, a chamber 7 above the plate .e.-- Secured in position in the centre of the plate 6 is a tube 9, the lower end of which passes through the boss 6 as shown in Figure 3,

to communicate with the tube a, and the upper endof which extends above the upper edge of the tube 7. Carried by this tube 9 so as to form a single unit with the same and with the, plate 6 (see Figure 5) is a chamber g surrounding the tube 9 and provided with two tubes, one 9 passing throughthe plate e in such a position as to communicate with the annular space a between the tubes a and :Z), and the other 91 being turned through a semi-circle and being extended upwards so as to lie within the chamber f and to terminate above the level of the upper end, thereof,the upper end being provided, below the level of the upper edge of the tube f, with a I hole 9 the purpose of which will be hereinafter described.

Surrounding the chamber 9 is a double walledtubular member h,the annular space it between the walls of which is adapted to receivean electric heatingelement it? wound on a former'h and carried by a-carrlerk having a plug it to close the upper end of the bore of the tube hand also to close the upper The major portion of the carrier h projects above the level of the upper edge of the tube 7.

The upper end of the tube 7 is closed by a cover plate is held in pos'itionby means of the pillars k on the plate is. The plate 70 fits on to the tube fin such a manner as to make the chamber f substantially air tight. The cover A: is provided with a hole throughwhich the upper end of the tube 9 passes and is also provided with a spring-controlled safety valve, indicated at 7:

Fitting into the top of: the tube g is a further tube Z having a hole Z which can be brought into register with the hole g in the tube 9 by operation of the handle 1 secured to the closed upperend of the tube Z.

Describing now the operation'of the device, the chamber j, which has previously been filled with cotton wool or like absorbent material (not shown) is filled with water or hair waving solution and the current for the heatin element is switched on. The liquid is a raised to its boiling point and the steam or other vapour rising to the top of the chamber 5 is admitted to the tube 9 by reason of the oles 9* and 1 being in register, and passing along this tube reaches the chamber 9 Here again the steam or other vapour is subjected to the heatingaction of the heating element It and consequently by the time it emerges through the tube 9 it is superheated. Previous to the switching on of the current,

a rubber tube m is passed over the end of the outer tube 6 and this rubber tube is tied, as at m,'to the roots of the hair a on the curler (not shown) which has been inserted into the inner tube a. The steam or 'thelike-passes down the annular space 0 and is thus led an to the roots of the hair and percolates through the whole length of'the hair before passing outof the central tube 9 communicating with the upper end of the tube a, as above described. The hair 'treated in this way is 3 tl'ius submitted to a continuous and-strong discharge of superheated steam or'the like and since the steam'is caused to pass through the centre of the heating unit on its exit, it is prevented from condensing.

4o It will thus be seen that the heating unit according to'this invention is self-contained, neat and efficient.

Many modifications may be'made in the above described form without departing as from the spirit of this invention, for example, the device may be in two parts if desired,

comprising the heaterportion andthe tube portion, or the tube portion to receive the curler-may be in two parts. Again, instead of conducting the steam to the scalp end of the device by means of the annular'space, one or more small tubes -may bearranged theside of theitube for the curler to conduct the steam or the like to theiscalp 55 endzof thedevice; Further, if: desired, the

steam may be caused to pass down the device towards the scalpend of the same instead of posing, up the tube fromtherscalp end.

I claim 1. Selfcontained hair waving apparatus comprising a. chamber to receive liquid, the vapour of which is used to treat the hair, an electrical heating element adjacent said chamber to convert said liquid into vapour, a space adjacent said electrical heating element, a tube to receive a curler on which the hair to be treated is wound, means for conducting the vapour from said space to said tube and means for conducting the vapour generated in said chamber through said space the superheated vapour is caused to pass through the whole tressof hair before leaving the apparatus.

3. Self contained hair waving apparatus comprising a chamber to receive liquid, the vapour of which is used to treat the hair, an electrical heating element adjacent said chamber to convert said liquid into vapour a space adjacent said electrical heating/element, a tube to receive a curler on which the hair to be treated is wound, means conducting the vapour from said chamber into said space in order to superheat the same, means connecting said space to the scalp end of the tube in order that the vapour shall pass through the whole tress of hair before leaving the apparatus, said vapour also passing in its passage out of the apparatus close to said electrical heating element in order again to heat the vapour and prevent condensation.

4. Self contained hair waving apparatus comprising a chamber to receive liquid, the vapour of which is used to treat the hair, a removable electrical heating element adjacent said chamber to convert said liquid into vapour, a space adjacent said electrical heating element, a tube to receivea curler on which the hair to be treated is wound, means for conducting the vapour from said space to said tube and means for conductingthe vapour generated in said chamber through said space before passing to the tube, whereby the vapour is superheated before coming in contact with the hair.

5. Self contained hair wavingapparatus comprising a chamber to receive liquid, the vapour of which is used to treat the hair, a removable electrical heating element adjacent said chamber to convert said liquid into vapour, a space adjacent said electrical heating element, a tube to receive a curler'on which the hair to be treated, is wound, means conducting the vapour from said chamber into said space in order to superheat the same, means connecting said space to the scalp end of the tube in order that the vapour shall pass through the whole tress of hair before leaving the apparatus, said vapour also passing in its passage out of the apparatus close to said electrical heating element in order again to heat the vapour and prevent condensation.

6. Self contained hair waving apparatus pour generated in said chamber through said space before passing to the tube, whereby the vapour is superheated before coming in con- 'm'eans connectingsaid space to the scalp end "of the tube in order that the vapour shall pass through the whole tress of hair before 'leaving'the apparatus, said vapour also passtact with the hair.

7. Self contained hair waving apparatus, comprising an annular chamber to receive liquid, the vapour of whichlis used to treat the hair, an annular electrical heating element surrounded by said chamber to convert said liquid into vapour, the space surrounded by said annular electrical heating element, a tube to receive a curler on which the hair to be treated is wound, means conducting the vapour from said chamber into said space in order to superheat the same, means connecting said space to the scalp end of the tube in order that the vapour shall pass through the whole tress of hairbefore leaving the apparatus, said vapour also passing in: itspassage out of the apparatus close to said electrical,

heating element in orderagain to heat the vapour and prevent condensation.

8. Self contained hair wavingapparatus comprising a chamber to receive liquid, the vapour of which is used to treat the hair, an electrical heating element adjacent said chamher to convert said liquid into vapour, a space adjacent said electrical heating element, a tube to receive a curler on which the hair to be treated is wound, means for conducting the vapour from said space to said tube, means for conducting the vapour gen- V cent sa1d electrical'heatlng element,a tube to erated in said chamber to said space in order to superheat the same and means for controlling the supply of vapour from said chamber to said space.

9. Self contained hair waving apparatus comprising a chamber to receive liquid, the

vapour of which is used to treat the hair, an. electrical heating element adjacent said chamber to convert said liquid into vapour, a space adjacent said electrical heating element, a tube to receive a curler on which the hair to be treated is wound, means for conducting the vapour from said chamber into said space in orderto superheat the same, means for controlling the supply of vapour from said chamber to said space, means connecting said space to the scalp end of the tube in order that the vapour shall pass through the whole tress of hair before leaving the apparatus, said vapour also passing in its pas- I sage out of the apparatus close to said electrical heating element in order again to heat the vapour and prevent condensation.

10. Self contained hair waving apparatus comprising an annular chamber to receive liquid, the vapour of which is used to treat thehair, an annular electrical 'heatingyelement surrounded by said chamber in order toconvert said liquid into vapour, a space surrounded by said annular electrical heating element,a tube to receive a curler on which the hair to be'treated is wound, means for conducting the vapour from saidchamber into said space in orderto superheat the samefmeans for controlling the supply of vapour from said chamber to saidspace,

ingin its passage out of the apparatus close to said electrical heating element in order again to heat the vapour and prevent'con- 1 densation. a r

11. Self contained hair waving apparatus comprising a chamber to receive liquid, the

vapourof which is used to treat the hair, a

safety valve to said chamber, an electrical heating element adjacent said chamber, to

convert said liquid into vapour, a space ad-- to receive 'a curler on which 'the hair to be treated is wound, means for conducting the vapour from sa1d space to sa1d: tube and means for conducting the vapour generated in said chamber throughc'said spacebefore passing 'to-the tube, whereby the vapour is super-heated before coming in contact -with safety valve to said chamber, an electrical i heating element adj acent said chamber to convert said liquid into vapour, a space adj areceive a curler on which the hair to be treatspace to the scalp end of the tube in order jacent said electrical heating element, 'a tube edis'wound, means conducting the vapourv from sa1d chamberlnto sa1d space in order to" superheat the same, means connectlng sa1d that the vapour shall pass through the whole tress of hair before leaving the apparatus, sa1d vapour also passing in 1ts passage out of the apparatus close to'said electrical heating element in order again to heat the vapour and prevent condensation.

13. Self contained hair Waving apparatus comprising an annular chamber to receive liquid, the vapour of whichcis used to treat the hair, a safety valve to said chamber, an annular electrical heating element surrounded by said chamber to convert said liquid into vapour, a space surrounded by said annular electrical heating element, a tube to receive a curler on which the hair to be treated is wound, means conducting the vapour from said chamber into said space in order to superheat the same, means connecting said space to the scalp'endof the tube-in orderthat the vapour shall pass through the whole tress of hair before leavingthe apparatus,=s'aid vapour also passing in its passageout of the apparatus close to'said electrical heatingelement in order agaixrto heat the vapour and prevent condensation.

14. Self contained hair waving apparatus comprisingva chamber to receive liquid, the

vapour'of which is used to treat the hair, a safety valve tosaid chamber, an electrical heating element adjacent said chamber to convert said liquid into vapour, a space adjacent said electrical heating element, a tube to receive a curler on which the hair to be treated is wound, means for conducting the vapour from said space to said tube, means for conductingthe vapour generated in said chamber'to said space in order to superheat the same and meansfor controlling the supplyof "apour from said= chamber to said space. V

15. Self contained hair waving apparatus, comprising an annular chamberto receive liquid, the vapour of which is used to treat the hair, a safety valve to said chamber, an annular electrical heating element surrounded by said chamber in order to convert said liquid into vapour, a space surrounded by said annular electrical heating element, a

tube-to receive a curler on which the hair to be treated is wound, means for conducting the vapour from said chamber into said space in order to superheatthe same, means for controlling the supply of vapour from saidv chamber to said space, means connecting said space to the scalp end of the tubein order that the vapour shallpass through the whole tress of hair before leaving the apparatus,

said vapour also passing in its passage out of the apparatus close to said electrical heating element in order again to heat the vapour and prevent condensation.

In testimony whereof I have signed my I name to this specification.

MARCIANO CALDERON. 

